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Writer's pictureJain MSH

What is Arthritis?


Person with Joint Pain
Arthritis

Arthritis, an inflammation that impacts the joints, can lead to discomfort and swelling, hindering mobility and physical activity. Various forms of arthritis exist, each presenting distinct symptoms and requiring specific treatments.


Arthritis is not curable, but the symptoms of this concern can be managed. So, what can you do if faced with this condition? Is there arthritis care or any therapy? Treatment options include medication, therapy, surgery, and lifestyle changes like exercise, a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and stress management.


Arthritis is a term that refers to a group of conditions characterized by inflammation and stiffness, leading to painful joints. There are many different types of arthritis, each with its causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches.


Arthritis affects millions of people, making everyday activities difficult or impossible.

There are two most common types of arthritis: osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Symptoms of arthritis can intensify over time. Some common symptoms include pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of joint function. If you notice these symptoms, you must consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis.


Different Types of Arthritis


It includes more than 100 conditions affecting the joints, surrounding tissues, and other connective tissues. These are some of the most common types of Arthritis:

  • Osteoarthritis:

Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent type of arthritis, also called "wear and tear" arthritis. It occurs when the protective cartilage cushions the ends of the bones within the joint and wears down over time, resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.

  • Rheumatoid arthritis:

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system affects the small joints of the hands and feet, causing pain, swelling, stiffness, and joint deformity. Sometimes, it can also affect other organs in the body.

  • Psoriatic arthritis:

Psoriatic arthritis is a form of arthritis affecting individuals with psoriasis, a chronic skin condition. It causes joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and skin symptoms like red, scaly patches.

  • Gout:

Gout occurs due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, typically affecting the big toe and resulting in severe pain, swelling, and redness. Specific dietary factors or certain medications can trigger gout attacks.

  • Ankylosing spondylitis:

Ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects organs like the spine and sacroiliac joints, causing inflammation and stiffness, which can lead to the fusion of the vertebrae, resulting in a loss of mobility.

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA):

JIA refers to a group of arthritis conditions that affect children. It is characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, similar to adult forms of arthritis. There are different subtypes of JIA, including.

  1. Oligoarthritic

  2. Polyarthritis

  3. Systemic arthritis

What are the Causes of arthritis?

Causes or the risk factors of arthritis can differ depending on the specific type of arthritis. Here are some common factors that can contribute to the development of various forms of arthritis:

  • Ageing

The risk of developing arthritis increases with age. As people age, the cartilage in their joints can naturally wear down, leading to osteoarthritis.

  • Genetics

A family history of certain conditions can heighten the likelihood of developing them. Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, which fall under the category of arthritis, have a genetic component associated with their occurrence.

  • Autoimmune factors

In autoimmune forms of arthritis like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints. The exact triggers for these autoimmune reactions are not fully understood, but they likely involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

  • Joint injuries:

Past injuries in joints, such as fractures or ligament tears, can increase the risk of developing arthritis.

  • Infection

Arthritis can develop due to an infection in the joint, which is known as infectious arthritis or septic arthritis. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can lead to joint inflammation and damage.

  • Metabolic factors:

Conditions like gout and pseudogout are caused by the buildup of certain substances in the joints. Gout occurs when uric acid crystals accumulate, while calcium pyrophosphate crystals cause pseudogout. These crystal deposits can trigger inflammation and joint symptoms.

  • Environmental factors:

Certain environmental factors may contribute to the development or exacerbation of arthritis. For example, smoking has been associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.


What Is The Arthritis Diagnosing Process?

Arthritis is diagnosed by a medical professional or a rheumatologist. Since there is no singular test that can definitively diagnose arthritis, the diagnosis is typically determined by considering various factors, which include:

  • Your medical history:

During the diagnostic process, the doctor will inquire about the onset of symptoms, factors that aggravate or alleviate them, as well as any concurrent medical conditions such as injuries, infections, or autoimmune diseases that may be present.

  • Physical examination:

The doctor will examine your joints for swelling, redness, warmth, and tenderness and check your range of motion and muscle strength.

  • Laboratory tests:

Doctors may ask you for blood tests for inflammation markers, rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). These tests can help to confirm the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

  • Imaging tests:

Doctors may order X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasounds to look for joint damage. These tests can help to determine the severity of arthritis and to rule out other conditions.


Medications and Treatments for Arthritis

Various medications and treatments are available to manage arthritis symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals with arthritis. The specific treatment approach depends on the type and severity of arthritis. Here are some commonly used options:

  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

  • Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

  • Biologic response modifiers

  • Corticosteroids

  • Physical therapy

  • Occupational therapy

  • Surgery

Lifestyle Modifications

Lifestyle modifications can be critical in managing arthritis symptoms. Here are some lifestyle changes that may be beneficial for individuals with arthritis.

  • Exercise

  • Weight management

  • Joint protection

  • Heat and cold therapy

  • Stress management

  • Rest and pacing activities

  • Healthy Intake

  • Quit smoking

When should I look for a rheumatologist?

Arthritis is a complex condition that can significantly impact a person's quality of life. While there is no cure for arthritis, various medications and treatments are available to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.


To effectively address arthritis issues, individuals can visit Jain MSH and proactively take steps toward managing their condition. Jain MSH stands out as an outstanding option for obtaining top-quality doctor consultations. Their specialization in rheumatology and dedication to comprehensive care enable individuals with arthritis to receive accurate diagnoses, suitable treatments, and continuous support tailored to their needs.


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